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The properties of picture and element
combine to form ‘pix’. The term was first coined by Variety Magazine in
1932. It hit the headline as an abbreviation for the word pictures. The
word which was first used with reference to cinema and progressed to
define the art of still pictures by photojournalists. Picture element as
an artististic concept came in to the lime light in the early days of
television. Paul Nipkow is the father of Bildpunkt - the German term for
‘Pixels’ literally mean ‘picture point’. This became visible as a patent
in 1988. Wireless World magazine is also said to have published this
term in 1927
A maga pixel comprises of one million pixels – the number of pixels in
an image. The term mega pixel is also used define the number of sensor
elements or display elements of digital cameras and digital displays
respectively. For instance a camera is said to have “3.1.megapixels”
when it comes with an array of 2048 multiplied by 1536 sensor elements.
The sum of these numbers comes to 3148728.
To understand pixels, it is important to know, that photosensitive
electronic are used in digital cameras. These are either CCD or
(charge-couple device) or CMOS or (complementary matal-oxide-semiconductor)
image sensors. However these contain a huge number of single sensor
elements and each of these is employed in recording a measured level of
intensity. The sensor array, in most digital cameras tends to be covered
with with a filter mosiac with a pattern and colour. The colours are
blue, space green and red regions in the Bayer filter arrangement. This
enables each sensor element to record even a single primary colour of
light in its entire intensity.
Demosaicing is a process through which the camera allows the
inforamation of neighbouring sensor elements to be interpolated to make
the final imge. “Pixels” is the name given to these sensor elements.
This is so even where they record one channel either green remove
spaces,blue or red from the ultimate image. So we can suppose that a so
called N- megapixel camera that creates an N- megapixel image gives only
one third of the information compared to a similar sized image from a
scanner. This results in certain colour combinations looking fuzzier
than others. However the result depends on the allocation of primary
colours for example the colour green has double as many elements as blue
or red in the Bayer arrangement.
Traditional image sensors are a study in contrast with the Foveon where
the X3 sensors use three layers of sensor elements to detect the
intensity of green, space red and blue at each array location. This
design cancels the need for de-mosaicing and goes beyond the associated
image artifacts like sharp edges with blurred colours. An N-megapixel
Foveon X3 sensor captures the same load of information as an N –megapixel
Bayer-mosiac sensor, the difference being that the Bayer packs the
information into fewer image pixels, without any interpolation.
Image composing is the successor of 2D geometry. Some imagists deny the
traditional interpretation of pixel as a little geometrical square. They
claim that megapixel is more like a sprite or a correct computer image.
An image which has the capacity to coverage and integrate the romote and
the regular.
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